Stool Analysis

Stool analysis is an important laboratory test that allows visual and microscopic examination of a fecal sample, providing valuable information about the functioning of the gastrointestinal system. Multiple parameters are analyzed to detect presence of infections, inflammation, bleeding, malabsorption issues or malignancy. The test encompasses both macroscopic evaluation where the color, consistency, odor and presence of blood or mucus are noticed. Microscopic identification involves preparing smears of the stool sample on slides and detecting red blood cells, white blood cells, fat droplets, muscle fibers, parasites and other elements. Chemical testing can also be done using reagents strips for occult blood, pH, enzymes etc. This noninvasive screening helps determine causative agents in diarrhea, constipation and presents a better picture about the intestinal environment. Correlation with the patient’s symptoms and medical history is however needed for a confirmatory diagnosis. Thus, stool examination serves as a simple, cost effective initial investigation to recognize gastrointestinal abnormalities.